A discectomy is a surgical procedure used to remove material from a herniated disc in the spine. This herniation occurs when the soft center of a spinal disc pushes through a crack in the tougher exterior casing. It's often performed when the herniated disc is pressing on a nerve, causing pain, weakness, or numbness in the back and leg.
The procedure can be performed through various surgical methods, including:
Microdiscectomy: This is a minimally invasive procedure where a surgeon makes a small incision and uses a microscope to remove the herniated part of the disc and any fragments that are putting pressure on the spinal nerve.
Endoscopic Discectomy: In this procedure, a surgeon uses endoscopic techniques (via a small camera and instruments) to access and remove the herniated disc material.
Open Discectomy: A more traditional form of surgery where a larger incision is made to access the disc.
The goal of a discectomy is to relieve the pressure on the spinal nerve to reduce pain and improve mobility and quality of life. The recovery time and success rate can vary depending on the individual case and the specific surgical method used. It's important for patients to discuss the risks and benefits of the procedure with their surgeon.