Tendon Sheath Inflammation (Tenosynovitis)

Tendon sheath inflammation, also known as Tenosynovitis, is a condition that affects the sheaths surrounding the tendons. Here's a detailed overview:

Causes

  1. Repetitive Motion: Frequent and repetitive use of the affected tendon, often seen in certain jobs or sports.

  2. Injury: Direct trauma to the tendon or surrounding area.

  3. Inflammatory Diseases: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or gout can cause inflammation in various parts of the body, including tendon sheaths.

  4. Infection: In some cases, an infection can lead to tenosynovitis, particularly if the infection invades the tendon sheath.

  5. Strain: Overuse or straining of a tendon during physical activity.

Signs and Symptoms

  1. Pain and Tenderness: Around the affected tendon, often worsening with movement.

  2. Swelling: Visible swelling along the path of the tendon.

  3. Redness and Warmth: The area may feel warm to the touch and appear red.

  4. Stiffness: Difficulty moving the affected area, especially after periods of inactivity.

  5. Creaking Sound: A grating or creaking sound (crepitus) when moving the affected tendon.

Treatment

  1. Rest: Avoiding activities that exacerbate the condition is crucial.

  2. Ice and Heat Therapy: Applying ice packs to reduce swelling and heat to relax muscles and tendons.

  3. Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce pain and inflammation.

  4. Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen and stretch the tendon and surrounding muscles.

  5. Bracing or Splinting: Immobilizing the affected area to allow healing.

  6. Corticosteroid Injections: To reduce inflammation, though usually used in more severe cases.

  7. Surgery: Rarely, surgery might be needed if conservative treatments fail, especially if the condition is caused by a structural problem or severe infection.

Prevention

  • Ergonomics and Technique: Using proper techniques and ergonomic equipment in sports and at work.

  • Regular Breaks: Taking breaks during activities that involve repetitive motions.

  • Stretching and Strengthening: Regular exercises to maintain flexibility and strength of muscles and tendons.

It's essential for anyone experiencing symptoms of tenosynovitis to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Self-treatment without proper guidance might worsen the condition.